Kekerasan Seksual sebagai Prediktor Gangguan Kecemasan pada Remaja
Keywords:
gangguan kecemasan, kekerasan seksual, kesehatan mental, remaja, traumaAbstract
Kekerasan seksual merupakan fenomena global yang menimbulkan dampak serius terhadap kesehatan mental remaja, khususnya dalam perkembangan gangguan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara riwayat kekerasan seksual dengan tingkat gangguan kecemasan pada populasi remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis korelasional. Sebanyak 35 remaja berusia 12-18 tahun dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dari sekolah menengah dan klinik kesehatan mental remaja di Mamuju. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada periode Januari-Maret 2025. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi kuesioner demografis, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) untuk mengukur riwayat kekerasan seksual, dan Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) untuk mengukur gangguan kecemasan. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 29 dengan uji korelasi Spearman dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan remaja dengan riwayat kekerasan seksual memiliki skor kecemasan rata-rata yang signifikan lebih tinggi (38,2 ± 12,8) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (24,3 ± 7,9; p = 0,002). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat (r = 0,524; p = 0,001) antara kekerasan seksual dan tingkat kecemasan. Analisis regresi menunjukkan riwayat kekerasan seksual memprediksi 23,6% varian dalam skor kecemasan (R² = 0,236; p = 0,003). Perbedaan gender signifikan ditemukan, dengan remaja perempuan menunjukkan korelasi yang lebih kuat (r = 0,578) dibandingkan laki-laki (r = 0,412). Penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa kekerasan seksual merupakan faktor risiko signifikan untuk gangguan kecemasan pada remaja, dengan dampak yang lebih pronounced pada perempuan, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan trauma-informed care yang sensitif gender dalam pelayanan kesehatan mental remaja
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